Psychological Therapies For Depression Essay

PIT was first developed by Robert Hobson (1985) as an set closely to move away from the traditional psychoanalytic approach of a bleached family between therapist and client. It was originally called the conversational model to stress the fact that the mutual task of therapist and client was to engage in a therapeutic conversation. In this conversation problems are non only talked about as past events, but are too active agently relived in the present and resolved within the therapeutic relationship. Hobson believed that the symptoms of picture arise from disturbances in the interpersonal relationships. These disturbances can only be explored and modify effectively from within another relationship the therapeutic one. The quality of the relationship is therefore crucial.Components of PIT-Exploratory rationale- interpersonal difficulties in the individuals life history are identified, and the therapist tries to find a rationale for the individual that bonds their underw ay symptoms with these difficulties. Shared Understanding- the therapist tries to understand what the individual is really experiencing or feeling. Focus on difficult feelings- the individual may express an perception (i.e. anger) of which they are unaware, or may not display appropriate emotion. Gaining insight- the therapist points out patterns in different types of relationship Sequencing of Interventions- different aspects of the model must(prenominal) be used in a coherent manner. Change- the therapist acknowledges and encourages changes make during therapy.Effectiveness of PITPaley et al (2008) stool shown that as a word for depression, outcomes for PIT are at least equivalent to those achieved with CBT. However, they acknowledge that changes in significant life-events were not monitored during the study, therefore any observable clinical gains (or omit of them) could not be attributed solely to the therapeutic intervention. NHSpsychotherapy patients were randomly allocat ed to pick up 12 weeks PIT or to remain as a delay list controls for that period. 54 patients entered the study, of which 33 completed. Significant improvement was observed in patients that completed the therapy, suggesting that even a brief treatment by raw therapists can be effective in alleviating the symptoms of depression.The Cognitive behavioural TherapyCBT emphasises the fictitious character of maladaptive thoughts and beliefs in the origins and maintenance of depression. When people think negatively about themselves and their lives, they become depressed. The aim of CBT is to identify and alter these maladaptive cognitions as easily as any dysfunctional behaviour that might be impart to depression. CBT is intended to be relatively brief (16-20 sessions) and is focused on current problems and current dysfunctional thinking Thought Catching- individuals are taught how to see the link between their thoughts and the way they feel. By challenging these dysfunctional thought s, and replacing them with to a greater extent constructive ones, clients are trying out new ways of behaving. Behavioural Activation- this is based on the common sense idea that being active leads to rewards that act as an antidote to depressionEffectiveness of PITRobinson et al (1990) meta-analysis found that CBT was superior to no-treatment control groups. However, when these control groups were subdivided into waiting lists and placebo groups, CBT was not significantly more effective than the placebo condition. CBT appears to be less suitable for people who have high levels of dysfunctional beliefs that are both rigid and resistant to change.- (Elkin et al 1985)